Muscles of the elbow
Biceps Brachii
This muscle arises from the coracoid process and supragleniod tubercle which are both parts of the shoulder blade, and travels down the arm, crosses the elbow joint and inserts on the radius. Its action is to flex the elbow joint and supinate the forearm.
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Triceps Brachii:
Originates from the scapula and back surface of the humerus to cross the elbow and attach to the olecranon process at the back of the ulna. This is the main extensor of the elbow.
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Brachialis
This muscle is the strongest elbow flexor when the palm is pronated. It arises from the lower half of the front of the Humerus and inserts on the coronoid process which is the front bony protusion of the ulna.
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Brachioradialis
This muscle starts at the outer edge of the lower third of the Humerus, crosses the joint and inserts at the lower end of the Radius. Its job is to flex the elbow and aid pronation and supination.
Pronator Teres
This muscle is often involved in golfers elbow or medial epicondylitis and its action is to aid flexion of the elbow and pronate the forearm. It originates just above the medial epicondyle and inserts on the outer surface of the Radius.
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Anconeus
Weak extensor of elbow. Moves (abducts) ulna in pronation
